Αγγλικά Πανελλήνιες 2024: Θέματα & Λύσεις

ΑΡΧΗ 1 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 1 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 6 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ ΥΠΟΥΡΓΕΙΟ ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑΣ , ΘΡΗΣΚΕΥΜΑΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΑΘΛΗΤΙΣΜΟΥ Κ Ε Ν Τ Ρ Ι Κ Η Ε Π Ι Τ Ρ Ο Π Η Ε Ι Δ Ι Κ Ω Ν Μ Α Θ Η Μ Α Τ Ω Ν ΚΟΙΝΗ ΕΞΕΤΑΣΗ ΟΛΩΝ ΤΩΝ ΥΠΟΨΗΦΙΩΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΑΓΓΛΙΚΗ ΓΛΩΣΣΑ 18 Ιουνίου 2024 ΟΔΗΓΙΕΣ ΓΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ ΥΠΟΨΗΦΙΟΥΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΣ ΥΠΟΨΗΦΙΕΣ Διάρκεια εξέτασης : Τρεις (3) ώρες Έναρξη χρόνου εξέτασης : Αμέσως μετά τη διανομή των θεμάτων Δυνατότητα αποχώρησης : 13:30 1. Να απαντήσετε σε όλα τα ερωτήματα στο τετράδιό σας ακολουθώντας την αρίθμηση των θεμάτων ως εξής : Α 1. 1. ... 2. ... Α 2. Να γράψετε μόνο τον αριθμό του ερωτήματος και το γράμμα που αντιστοιχεί στη σωστή απάντηση , π . χ . 4. – A 5. ... Β 1. Να γράψετε μόνο τον αριθμό του ερωτήματος και τη ζητούμενη λέξη . 10. ... 11. ... Β 2. Να γράψετε μόνο τον αριθμό του ερωτήματος και τις ζητούμενες λέξεις . 15. ... 16. ... Β 3. Να αντιστοιχίσετε τον αριθμό με το σωστό γράμμα και να γράψετε μόνο την αντιστοιχία , π . χ . 20. – Α 21. ... Γ . Να αναπτύξετε το ζητούμενο θέμα στο τετράδιό σας χωρίς να αντιγράψετε την οδηγία - εκφώνηση . 2. Να χρησιμοποιήσετε μόνο μπλε ή μαύρο στυλό διαρκείας και μόνο ανεξίτηλης μελάνης . Καλή Επιτυχία

ΑΡΧΗ 2 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 2 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 6 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ Α . Read the text below and respond to tasks A1 and A2 . When I moved to Australia at the age of eight, I learned that the most difficult part of speaking another language was adjusting to live conversation and participating in debates. Unable to ask questions, let alone to raise objections, I began to wear a distant smile and to withdraw into my thoughts. When I told my mum and dad of my frustration, they advised me to be patient and understanding: “Try to imagine things from their perspective”. Nevertheless, the differences between my peers and me seemed to pose a distance too great to bridge. Things changed for me when I joined my primary school debate team. I had been attracted to the activity by the promise of getting others’ attention. But I also discovered a new way of thinking and expressing myself. The experience left me convinced that debates can help us improve our lives and communities in these challenging times. Consider the rules of a debate: two sides are randomly assigned to argue for and against a topic. To win a debate, one must understand not only one’s own case but also that of the other side. In the last moments of preparation before a round, the best debaters go through a series of exercises known as side-switch. One such exercise involves taking out a fresh sheet of paper, placing oneself on the opposite side of the topic and brainstorming the four best arguments for this new position. From this switched position, you can consider the possibility that you are wrong. Any group, whether a family, a workplace or a nation, has to manage its disagreements, but today so many of our arguments are useless and painful. Many times we get stuck and we end up shouting at one another from a distance, fixed in our respective places. Habits of mind such as the side-switch help us become unstuck and force us to consider the other side, not so that we may avoid disagreeing, but so that we may disagree better. Debates can give us many other lessons, from constructing arguments to deciding when a disagreement is worthwhile. Most importantly, they train us to change other people’s minds with nothing more than words. Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com (2024)

ΑΡΧΗ 3 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 3 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 6 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ Α . ΚΑΤΑΝΟΗΣΗ ΓΡΑΠΤΟΥ ΛΟΓΟΥ ( 30 points ) A1. Answer questions 1-3, based on information from the text (max. 30 words each). (3 x 4 points = 12 points) 1. What would be a suitable title for this text? 2. What is the purpose of the text? 3. According to the text, how can side-switch exercises help us manage a disagreement? Justify your answer. A2. Choose the correct answer (A, B or C) for items 4-9, based on information from the text. (6 x 3 points = 18 points) 4. Who would be most interested in reading this text? A. Lawyers. B. The general public. C. Politicians. 5. When he moved to Australia, the writer found it difficult to A. communicate with his peers. B. adapt to the new culture. C. participate in after-school activities. 6. The writer’s parents advised him to A. w ear a confident smile. B. learn the language faster. C. be tolerant to others. 7. By participating in the school debate team, the writer became A. more popular. B. more competitive. C. more open-minded. 8. To succeed in a debate, a participant must A. consider different viewpoints. B. use complex vocabulary. C. speak clearly and loudly. 9. Debate practice can help us improve our A. public speaking skills. B. problem solving skills. C. verbal persuasion skills.

ΑΡΧΗ 4 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 4 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 6 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ Β . ΓΛΩΣΣΙΚΗ ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΗ (30 points) B1. Use the correct form of the following words (A-H) to complete the gaps (10-14) in the following text, as in the example. There are TWO words you do not need. (5 x 2 points = 10 points) A. strategy B. power C. happy D. stimulate (example) E. body F. situate G. constant H. involve The example is in bold and italics . What are the benefits of playing chess? Chess is a timeless and intellectually (ex.) stimulating game that has captivated players of all ages for centuries. While it may appear as a simple board game, its (10) ___________ benefits reach far beyond the chessboard, offering players the opportunity to enhance their cognitive abilities and brain function. When in a game, players must anticipate their opponent’s (11) __________ moves and respond accordingly. This level of personal (12) _____________ directly stimulates the brain region responsible for concentration. In everyday life, enhanced concentration can help individuals manage stress and maintain a sense of calm, as they can more easily focus on the task at hand and block out unwanted distractions. In a world where our attention is (13) _____________ being pulled in different directions, the ability to focus on one task or idea has never been more valuable. At the same time, chess teaches players to be patient in their actions, a skill that translates well into everyday (14) ___________ that require thoughtful decision-making. B2. Fill in the gaps with TWO words in the statements of column B, so that they are similar in meaning to the statements (15-19) of column A, as in the example. (5 x 2 points = 10 points) Example: I have not seen Mary for over six months. It has been over six months since I last saw Mary. COLUMN A COLUMN B 15. It appears that we have no milk left; we need to buy some on our way home tonight. It appears that we have _____ _____ of milk; we need to buy some on our way home tonight. 16. I have already said I’m sorry for being late. I have already _____ _____ being late. 17. He did not thank us for our help when he left. He left _____ _____ us for our help. 18. Could you look after my cat while I’m away on a business trip? Would you mind _____ _____ of my cat while I’m away on a business trip? 19. We couldn’t get to the city centre because of the bus strike. The bus strike _____ us _____ getting to the city centre.

ΑΡΧΗ 5 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 5 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 6 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ B3. Choose the best option A-F (Column B-headings) for items 20-24 (Column A-paragraphs). There is ONE option you do not need. (5 x 2 points = 10 points) Dr. Jane Goodall’s vision and work around the world COLUMN A COLUMN B 20. In July 1960, at the age of 26, Jane Goodall travelled from England to what is now known as Tanzania to study the remarkable lives of chimpanzees. When she discovered that the survival of their species was threatened, she developed a breakthrough approach to species conservation that improves the lives of people, animals and the environment. A. ONLY THE BASICS 21. Equipped with little more than a notebook, binoculars, and her fascination with wildlife, Jane Goodall managed to give the world a remarkable window into humankind’s closest living relatives. With open eyes and an open mind, Dr. Jane Goodall made discoveries that rocked the scientific world, forever changing the way we look at our closest living relatives and ourselves. B. CLOSE TO EACH OTHER 22. From the day she began her legendary chimpanzee research in Gombe, Jane Goodall took an unconventional approach towards her subjects. She immersed herself in their forest habitat with a fresh mind. She explored their complex society as a fellow neighbour rather than a remote observer and came to know and interact with them as individuals over many years. C. A GLOBAL MISSION 23. In 1977, Dr. Jane Goodall founded the Jane Goodall Institute to ensure that her vision will continue to mobilize the collective power of individual action to save the natural world we all share. Today, she travels the world, speaking about the threats chimpanzees are facing, urging each one of us to take action on behalf of all living creatures on our planet. D. HEALTHY HABITATS 24. Over the years, Dr. Jane Goodall’s ground-breaking research has attracted many women, who were nearly absent from her field. She also inspires thousands of young people to take action in their own communities through the Roots & Shoots program that gives young people the confidence to make a difference by being part of something bigger than themselves. E. HEADING TO THE UNKNOWN F. SETTING AN EXAMPLE

ΑΡΧΗ 6 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 6 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 6 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ Γ . ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΗ ΓΡΑΠΤΟΥ ΛΟΓΟΥ (40 points) TASK : A European Youth magazine is asking teenagers to share their memories on the following topic: “My best day at school”. Write an article (180-200 words) to submit to the magazine in which you: a) describe what happened on that memorable school day and b) explain the effect that day has had on your life. Provide your own title for your article. Do not mention your name anywhere in the text. ΤΕΛΟΣ ΜΗΝΥΜΑΤΟΣ

ΑΡΧΗ 1 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 1 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 5 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ ΥΠΟΥΡΓΕΙΟ ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑΣ , ΘΡΗΣΚΕΥΜΑΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΑΘΛΗΤΙΣΜΟΥ ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗ ΕΞΕΤΑΣΕΩΝ ΕΙΔΙΚΩΝ ΜΑΘΗΜΑΤΩΝ ΕΛΛΗΝΩΝ ΕΞΩΤΕΡΙΚΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΥΠΟΨΗΦΙΩΝ ΕΠΑΝΑΛΗΠΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΞΕΤΑΣΕΩΝ ΓΕΛ - ΕΠΑΛ ΕΞΕΤΑΣΗ ΣΤΗΝ ΑΓΓΛΙΚΗ ΓΛΩΣΣΑ 13 Σεπτεμβρίου 2024 ΟΔΗΓΙΕΣ ΓΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ ΥΠΟΨΗΦΙΟΥΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΣ ΥΠΟΨΗΦΙΕΣ Διάρκεια εξέτασης : Τρεις (3) ώρες Έναρξη χρόνου εξέτασης : Αμέσως μετά τη διανομή των θεμάτων Δυνατότητα αποχώρησης : 17:00 1. Να απαντήσετε σε όλα τα ερωτήματα στο τετράδιό σας ακολουθώντας την αρίθμηση των θεμάτων ως εξής : Α 1. 1. ... 2. ... Α 2. Να γράψετε μόνο τον αριθμό του ερωτήματος και το γράμμα που αντιστοιχεί στη σωστή απάντηση , π . χ . 4. – A 5. ... Β 1. Να γράψετε μόνο τον αριθμό του ερωτήματος και τη ζητούμενη λέξη . 10. ... 11. ... Β 2. Να γράψετε μόνο τον αριθμό του ερωτήματος και τις ζητούμενες λέξεις . 15. ... 16. ... Β 3. Να αντιστοιχίσετε τον αριθμό με το σωστό γράμμα και να γράψετε μόνο την αντιστοιχία , π . χ . 20. – Α 21. ... Γ . Να αναπτύξετε το ζητούμενο θέμα στο τετράδιό σας χωρίς να αντιγράψετε την οδηγία - εκφώνηση . 2. Να χρησιμοποιήσετε μόνο μπλε ή μαύρο στυλό διαρκείας και μόνο ανεξίτηλης μελάνης . Καλή Επιτυχία

ΑΡΧΗ 2 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 2 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 5 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ Α . Read the text below and respond to tasks A1 and A2 . By studying history, young people learn that the world is constantly evolving, and they have the power to influence it. This understanding can help liberate them from the belief that their current way of life is the only way. It can inspire them to think differently and make positive changes. Teaching history to young people should not be about burdening them with our own issues but about helping them understand the world and liberate themselves from fears and misconceptions. History should be a tool for freedom and positive change. u to look at the world — one not mediated through a screen — and translate that." How can we protect children from the realities of history? Around the world, many families face harsh realities: some have lost homes due to conflict while others suffer from extreme weather conditions. These issues make young people naturally curious about the world and eager to ask big questions: Why do wars happen? What is our role in nature? What is money and why is it so important? Children often approach these questions with more seriousness than adults. They question things adults take for granted and seek deeper understanding. It’s important to address children’s curiosity with accurate, evidence-based information rather than myths and misinformation. From a young age, children are exposed to various myths and false narratives, not just about current events but also about human history. These stories shape their understanding of the world. Abandoning children to myths can make it difficult for them to unlearn these ideas later in life. Therefore, it’s crucial to talk to kids openly about significant issues in a responsible, scientific way. This approach is challenging but necessary for their growth. Addressing historical topics with children can be delicate. Some subjects, like the daily lives of ancient people, can be fun and engaging. However, discussing more complex topics like the encounters between ancient human species can bring up difficult issues such as racism and conflict. It’s essential to talk about these dark sides of history without causing fear. One way to manage this is to focus on the idea that people can make positive changes. History shows that change is possible, and understanding this can empower young people. History is not just about the past; it’s about understanding how things can change. By studying history, young people learn that the world is constantly evolving, and they have the power to influence it. This understanding can help liberate them from the belief that their current way of life is the only way. It can inspire them to think differently and make positive changes. Teaching history to young people should be about helping them understand the world and liberate themselves from fears and misconceptions. History should be a tool for freedom and positive change. Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com

ΑΡΧΗ 3 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 3 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 5 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ Α . ΚΑΤΑΝΟΗΣΗ ΓΡΑΠΤΟΥ ΛΟΓΟΥ ( 30 points ) A1. Answer questions 1-3, based on information from the text (max. 30 words each). (3 x 4 points = 12 points) 1. What would be a suitable title for this text? 2. What is the purpose of the text? 3. According to the text, how can teaching history to young people help them overcome misconceptions and shape a better future? Justify your answer. A2. Choose the correct answer (A, B or C) for items 4-9, based on information from the text. (6 x 3 points = 18 points) 4. When learning about difficult topics in history, children tend to A. quickly forget what they have learned. B. react more thoughtfully than adults. C. get bored and lose interest in history altogether. 5. It is important to provide accurate explanations to children in order to A. help them understand the world based on facts. B. avoid burdening them with complex historical realities. C. make it easier for them to accept myths. 6. Significant topics should be discussed with children A. through storytelling only. B. in an evidence-based manner. C. in an easy to understand way. 7. Discussing complex historical topics with children may A. lead to misinterpretations. B. reinforce misconceptions. C. give rise to sensitive issues. 8. One way to navigate darker historical topics with children is by A. highlighting the potential for improvement. B. encouraging them to express their thoughts freely. C. presenting age-appropriate examples. 9. According to the text, history shows us that A. people learn from their mistakes. B. events are not permanent and progress is possible. C. future events are already set and cannot be changed.

ΑΡΧΗ 4 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 4 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 5 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ Β . ΓΛΩΣΣΙΚΗ ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΗ (30 points) B1. Use the correct form of the following words (A-H) to complete the gaps (10-14) in the following text, as in the example. There are TWO words you do not need. (5 x 2 points = 10 points) A. reliable B. ill C. differ D. entire (example) E. continuous F. able G. combine H. similar The example is in bold and italics . Here’s why we’ll never be able to build a human brain in a computer People often describe the human brain as a computer but this metaphor is (ex.) entirely wrong. A computer is built from static parts, whereas our brain is (10) ___________ updating its connections as we age and learn. Our memory is an endless (11) ___________ of electrical pulses and the same recollection can be reassembled in completely (12) _____________ ways from one time to another. Moreover, the human brain can categorise objects by their function, not just their physical form. Some scientists believe that this incredible (13) _____________ of the human brain may be fundamental to the way it actually works. Also, unlike a computer, our brain isn’t a bunch of parts in an empty case. It inhabits a body that consists of a complex web of muscles and organs, all of which must be coordinated to provide energy and fight any type of (14) ___________ . Our brain’s most important job is to regulate the systems of our body to keep us alive. B2. Fill in the gaps with TWO words in the statements of column B so that they are similar in meaning to the statements (15-19) of column A, as in the example. (5 x 2 points = 10 points) Example: Paul hasn’t visited us since March. The last time Paul visited us was in March. COLUMN A COLUMN B 15. We discussed the problem but we couldn ’ t find a solution. We discussed the problem but we couldn’t _____ _____ with a solution. 16. His new trainers are identical to mine. His new trainers are exactly the _____ _____ mine. 17. We share an interest in stamp collecting. What we have _____ _____ is an interest in stamp collecting. 18. If I were you, I wouldn ’ t stay in the sun without sunscreen . You _____ _____ not stay in the sun without sunscreen. 19. We mustn’t park in spaces marked for specific users, such as registered disabled drivers. We are not _____ _____ park in spaces marked for specific users, such as registered disabled drivers.

ΑΡΧΗ 5 ΗΣ ΣΕΛΙΔΑΣ ΤΕΛΟΣ 5 ΗΣ ΑΠΟ 5 ΣΕΛΙΔΕΣ B3. Choose the best option A-F (Column B-headings) for items 20-24 (Column A-paragraphs). There is ONE option you do not need to use. (5 x 2 points = 10 points) Why are names important? COLUMN A COLUMN B 20. Each name tells a unique story. They set us apart from the rest and allow us to be spotted in a sea of faces. Our names provide an individual stamp showcasing who we are, playing a significant role in our personal and social identity. They give us a sense of who we are and our place in the world. A. THEY SHOW APPRECIATION 21. Without names, communication would be complicated. Names are the starting point of any conversation, enabling us to address one another properly. They are communication shortcuts that save us from describing individuals every time we refer to them. Using someone’s name in a conversation is a powerful networking tool since it fosters a sense of familiarity and connection. B. THEY IDENTIFY US 22. Acknowledging someone by their name is one of the simplest ways to show respect and courtesy. It indicates that you value them as an individual and are attentive to their identity. Correctly using someone’s name promotes open communication and enhances mutual respect. Conversely, mispronouncing a person’s name can be perceived as a sign of disrespect or indifference. C. THEY FOSTER TEAM SPIRIT 23. Names can offer insights into our heritage, ancestry and familial origins. Whether it’s a surname passed down from one generation to another or a first name given in honour of a beloved ancestor, names connect us to our familial roots. In many cultures, the process of naming a child involves traditional customs and rituals, honouring religious beliefs, cultural practices or customs. D. THEY SERVE LEGAL PURPOSES 24. Names are vital tools for governments in managing population data. Governments use names to monitor demographic trends, plan public services and implement policies. Names are used in all official documents, from birth certificates and passports to contracts and court proceedings. Accurate name records help in allocating resources, distributing services efficiently and maintaining the smooth functioning of civil society. E. THEY FACILITATE INTERACTION F. THEY RECORD HISTORY Γ . ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΗ ΓΡΑΠΤΟΥ ΛΟΓΟΥ (40 points) TASK : The International Association of Art (IAA) is launching a campaign to highlight how various forms of art (e.g. music, dancing, painting, etc.) positively influence people’s everyday life. The organizers are looking for blog posts that support and promote this message. Write a blog entry (180-200 words) to: a) discuss two ways in which art helps people in their everyday life and b) describe a specific time in your life when you found support in a form of art. Do not mention your name anywhere in the text. Do not sign your blog entry. ΤΕΛΟΣ ΜΗΝΥΜΑΤΟΣ